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🦀 Fory v0.13.1 发布：Rust 类型演进新范式 - 枚举变体与元组的灵活进化

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杨朝坤

Apache Fory 团队很高兴地宣布 0.13.1 版本发布。此版本包含来自 11 位不同贡献者的 28 个 PR。请参阅安装页面了解如何获取适用于您平台的库。

✨ 亮点​

  • 🔧 支持 Rust 枚举变体以及元组/结构体风格枚举的 schema 演进
  • 🎯 支持 Rust 元组序列化和 schema 演进
  • ⏭️ 支持 Rust skip 宏属性

🎨 枚举 Schema 演进​

Fory v0.13.1 在兼容模式下增加了全面的枚举 schema 演进支持，支持所有三种变体类型（Unit、Unnamed、Named）：

  • ➕ 添加/删除变体：未知变体回退到 #[fory(default)]
  • 📝 添加/删除字段：命名变体支持字段演进，自动使用默认值
  • 🔄 修改元素：未命名变体处理元素数量变化（多余的被跳过，缺失的使用默认值）
  • 🔀 变体类型更改：在 Unit/Unnamed/Named 之间转换，自动使用默认值
// 版本 1
#[derive(ForyObject)]
enum Command {
    #[fory(default)]
    Noop,
    Execute { name: String, args: i32 },
}

// 版本 2 - 添加了字段和新变体
// 同时支持 `fory(default)` 和标准 `default`
#[derive(Default, ForyObject)]
enum Command {
    #[default]
    Noop,
    Execute { name: String, args: i32, env: String },  // 添加了 'env'
    Cancel { reason: String },  // 新变体
}

// V1→V2: 缺失的 'env' 获得默认值 ""; Cancel→Noop 回退到 V1
// V2→V1: 额外的 'env' 被跳过; Cancel→Noop 回退

📦 元组 Schema 演进​

元组（1-22 个元素）现在在兼容模式下支持长度演进：

  • 📏 长度变化：增大或缩小元组大小（缺失的元素获得默认值，多余的被丢弃）
  • 📚 集合：完全支持 Vec、HashMap、HashSet 元素
  • 🪆 嵌套元组：多级嵌套，每层独立演进
  • 🔗 智能指针：Option、Arc、Rc 包装的元素正确处理演进
  • 🏗️ 结构体字段：结构体中的元组字段独立演进
let fory = Fory::default().compatible(true);

// 序列化 2 元素元组
let short = (42i32, "hello".to_string());
let bin = fory.serialize(&short).unwrap();

// 反序列化为 4 元素元组 - 额外的元素获得默认值
let long: (i32, String, f64, bool) = fory.deserialize(&bin).unwrap();
assert_eq!(long, (42, "hello".to_string(), 0.0, false));

// 反向：4→2 元素，多余的被丢弃
let long = (100i32, "world".to_string(), 3.14, true);
let bin = fory.serialize(&long).unwrap();
let short: (i32, String) = fory.deserialize(&bin).unwrap();
assert_eq!(short, (100, "world".to_string()));

📦 快速开始​

默认情况下会使用各语言的原生模式以获得最佳性能；只有在需要跨语言互通时，才将序列化模式切换为 xlang=true（或等效选项）。

Rust​

[dependencies]
fory = "0.13"
use fory::{Error, Fory};
use fory::ForyObject;

#[derive(ForyObject, Debug, PartialEq)]
struct Person {
    name: String,
    age: i32,
}

fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
    let mut fory = Fory::default();
    fory.register::<Person>(1)?;
    let bytes = fory.serialize(&Person { name: "Alice".into(), age: 30 })?;
    let decoded: Person = fory.deserialize(&bytes)?;
    assert_eq!(decoded.age, 30);
    Ok(())
}

Python​

python -m pip install --upgrade pip
pip install pyfory==0.13.1
from dataclasses import dataclass
import pyfory

@dataclass
class Person:
    name: str
    age: pyfory.int32

fory = pyfory.Fory()
fory.register_type(Person)
payload = fory.serialize(Person(name="Alice", age=30))
decoded = fory.deserialize(payload)
print(decoded.name, decoded.age)

Java​

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.fory</groupId>
  <artifactId>fory-core</artifactId>
  <version>0.13.1</version>
</dependency>
import org.apache.fory.*;
import org.apache.fory.config.*;

public class QuickStart {
  public static class Person {
    String name;
    int age;

    Person(String name, int age) {
      this.name = name;
      this.age = age;
    }
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Fory fory = Fory.builder()
      .withLanguage(Language.JAVA)
      .requireClassRegistration(true)
      .build();
    fory.register(Person.class);
    byte[] bytes = fory.serialize(new Person("Alice", 30));
    Person result = (Person) fory.deserialize(bytes);
    System.out.println(result.name + " " + result.age);
  }
}

Scala​

// SBT Scala 2.13
libraryDependencies += "org.apache.fory" % "fory-scala_2.13" % "0.13.1"
// SBT Scala 3
libraryDependencies += "org.apache.fory" % "fory-scala_3" % "0.13.1"
import org.apache.fory.Fory
import org.apache.fory.config.Language
import org.apache.fory.serializer.scala.ScalaSerializers

case class Person(name: String, age: Int)

object Example {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val fory = Fory.builder()
      .withLanguage(Language.JAVA)
      .requireClassRegistration(true)
      .build()
    ScalaSerializers.registerSerializers(fory)
    fory.register(classOf[Person])
    val bytes = fory.serialize(Person("Alice", 30))
    val result = fory.deserialize(bytes).asInstanceOf[Person]
    println(s"${result.name} ${result.age}")
  }
}

Kotlin​

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.fory</groupId>
  <artifactId>fory-kotlin</artifactId>
  <version>0.13.1</version>
</dependency>
import org.apache.fory.Fory
import org.apache.fory.config.Language
import org.apache.fory.serializer.kotlin.KotlinSerializers

data class Person(val name: String, val age: Int)

fun main() {
    val fory = Fory.builder()
        .withLanguage(Language.JAVA)
        .requireClassRegistration(true)
        .build()
    KotlinSerializers.registerSerializers(fory)
    fory.register(Person::class.java)
    val bytes = fory.serialize(Person("Alice", 30))
    val result = fory.deserialize(bytes) as Person
    println("${result.name} ${result.age}")
}

Golang​

package main

import (
    "fmt"

    forygo "github.com/apache/fory/go/fory"
)

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int32
}

func main() {
    fory := forygo.NewFory(true)
    fory.Register(Person{}, 1)
    payload, _ := fory.Marshal(Person{Name: "Alice", Age: 30})
    var decoded Person
    fory.Unmarshal(payload, &decoded)
    fmt.Println(decoded.Name, decoded.Age)
}

JavaScript​

import Fory, { Type } from "@apache-fory/fory";
import hps from "@apache-fory/hps";

const description = Type.object("example.Person", {
  name: Type.string(),
  age: Type.int32(),
});

const fory = new Fory({ hps });
const { serialize, deserialize } = fory.registerSerializer(description);
const payload = serialize({ name: "Alice", age: 30 });
const decoded = deserialize(payload);
console.log(decoded.name, decoded.age);

🎁 新特性​

🐛 Bug 修复​

🔨 其他改进​

👥 新贡献者​

完整变更日志: https://github.com/apache/fory/compare/v0.13.0...v0.13.1